DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. CrateDB vs. Dgraph vs. Postgres-XL

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. CrateDB vs. Dgraph vs. Postgres-XL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBase

Distributed Database based on Lucene

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Based on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.06
Rank	#123	Overall
	#58	Relational DBMS

Score	0.71
Rank	#227	Overall
	#37	Document stores
	#5	Spatial DBMS
	#16	Search engines
	#19	Time Series DBMS
	#10	Vector DBMS

Score	1.53
Rank	#152	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	0.53
Rank	#254	Overall
	#117	Relational DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

phoenix.apache.org

cratedb.com/docs

dgraph.io/docs

www.postgres-xl.org/documentation

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Crate

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Initial release

2014

2013

2016

2014

since 2012, originally named StormDB

Current release

5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 2019

10 R1, October 2018

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Mozilla public license

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
Unix
Windows

All Operating Systems, including Kubernetes with CrateDB Kubernetes Operator support

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
macOS

Data scheme

yes

late-bound, schema-on-read capabilities

Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

XML type, but no XML query functionality

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

yes, but no triggers and constraints, and PostgreSQL compatibility

yes

distributed, parallel query execution

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
RESTful HTTP API

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

.NET
Erlang
Go

community maintained client
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)

community maintained client
Perl

community maintained client
PHP
Python
R
Ruby

community maintained client
Scala

community maintained client

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

user defined functions (Javascript)

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

yes

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Configurable replication on table/partition-level

Synchronous replication via Raft

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Read-after-write consistency on record level

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

unique row identifiers can be used for implementing an optimistic concurrency control strategy

ACID

MVCC

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancy

rights management via user accounts

Planned for future releases

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

Cloudera's HBase PaaS offering now supports Complex Transactions
11 August 2021, Krishna Maheshwari (sponsor)

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Recent citations in the news

Supercharge SQL on Your Data in Apache HBase with Apache Phoenix | Amazon Web Services
2 June 2016, AWS Blog

Azure #HDInsight Apache Phoenix now supports Zeppelin
16 August 2018, Microsoft

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4 February 2016, InfoWorld

Apache Calcite, FreeMarker, Gora, Phoenix, and Solr updated
27 March 2017, SDTimes.com

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18 April 2019, eWeek

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25 March 2024, PR Newswire

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29 August 2017, The New Stack

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16 May 2017, businesswire.com

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Dgraph on AWS: Setting up a horizontally scalable graph database
1 September 2020, AWS Blog

Dgraph Rises to the Top Graph Database on GitHub With 11 G2 Badges and 11M Downloads
26 May 2021, Business Wire

Dgraph raises $11.5 million for scalable graph database solutions
31 July 2019, VentureBeat

Dgraph raises $3M for its open-source distributed graph database, hits 1.0 release
19 December 2017, TechCrunch

provided by Google News

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