DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. CockroachDB vs. Cubrid vs. Snowflake

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. CockroachDB vs. Cubrid vs. Snowflake

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Name

Description

A scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBase

CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.

CUBRID is an open-source SQL-based relational database management system with object extensions for OLTP

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.97
Rank	#126	Overall
	#59	Relational DBMS

Score	6.15
Rank	#55	Overall
	#33	Relational DBMS

Score	1.20
Rank	#169	Overall
	#78	Relational DBMS

Score	121.33
Rank	#9	Overall
	#6	Relational DBMS

Website

phoenix.apache.org

www.cockroachlabs.com

cubrid.com (korean)
cubrid.org (english)

www.snowflake.com

Technical documentation

phoenix.apache.org

www.cockroachlabs.com/docs

cubrid.org/manuals

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Cockroach Labs

CUBRID Corporation, CUBRID Foundation

Snowflake Computing Inc.

Initial release

2014

2015

2008

2014

Current release

5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 2019

23.1.1, May 2023

11.0, January 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0, commercial license available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C, C++, Java

Server operating systems

Linux
Unix
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux
Windows

hosted

Data scheme

yes

late-bound, schema-on-read capabilities

dynamic schema

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

Java Stored Procedures

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

similar concept for controling cloud resources

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

all tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFT

none

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication using RAFT

Source-replica replication

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancy

Role-based access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

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