DBMS > Apache Jena - TDB vs. Lovefield vs. RDF4J vs. Stardog vs. TerarkDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Jena - TDB vs. Lovefield vs. RDF4J vs. Stardog vs. TerarkDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena framework

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

A key-value store forked from RocksDB with advanced compression algorithms. It can be used standalone or as a storage engine for MySQL and MongoDB

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.62
Rank	#83	Overall
	#3	RDF stores

Score	0.33
Rank	#286	Overall
	#131	Relational DBMS

Score	0.74
Rank	#222	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	2.07
Rank	#122	Overall
	#11	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Score	0.08
Rank	#367	Overall
	#56	Key-value stores

Website

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

google.github.io/lovefield

rdf4j.org

www.stardog.com

github.com/bytedance/terarkdb

Technical documentation

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

rdf4j.org/documentation

docs.stardog.com

bytedance.larkoffice.com/docs/doccnZmYFqHBm06BbvYgjsHHcKc

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

originally developed by HP Labs

Google

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Stardog-Union

ByteDance, originally Terark

Initial release

2000

2014

2004

2010

2016

Current release

4.9.0, July 2023

2.1.12, February 2017

7.3.0, May 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache License, Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

commercial

restricted open source version available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

JavaScript

Java

C++

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

RDF Schemas

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

APIs and other access methods

Fuseki

REST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO

RDF Input/Output

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

C++ API
Java API

Supported programming languages

Java

JavaScript

Java
PHP
Python

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

Triggers

yes

via event handler

Using read-only observers

yes

via event handlers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

TDB Transactions

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access control via Jena Security

Access rights for users and roles

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