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DBMS > Apache Jena - TDB vs. Lovefield vs. NebulaGraph vs. Virtuoso vs. Yaacomo

System Properties Comparison Apache Jena - TDB vs. Lovefield vs. NebulaGraph vs. Virtuoso vs. Yaacomo

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Jena - TDB  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparisonYaacomo  Xexclude from comparison
Yaacomo seems to be discontinued and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking
DescriptionA RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena frameworkEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphsOpenCL based in-memory RDBMS, designed for efficiently utilizing the hardware via parallel computing
Primary database modelRDF storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.62
Rank#83  Overall
#3  RDF stores
Score0.33
Rank#286  Overall
#131  Relational DBMS
Score2.23
Rank#116  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitejena.apache.org/­documentation/­tdb/­index.htmlgoogle.github.io/­lovefieldgithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
virtuoso.openlinksw.comyaacomo.com
Technical documentationjena.apache.org/­documentation/­tdb/­index.htmlgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mddocs.nebula-graph.iodocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infooriginally developed by HP LabsGoogleVesoft Inc.OpenLink SoftwareQ2WEB GmbH
Initial release20002014201919982009
Current release4.9.0, July 20232.1.12, February 20177.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache License, Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaJavaScriptC++C
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariLinuxAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Android
Linux
Windows
Data schemeyes infoRDF SchemasyesStrong typed schemayes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternSQL-like query languageyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLXyes
APIs and other access methodsFuseki infoREST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesJavaJavaScript.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnouser defined functionsyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyes infovia event handlerUsing read-only observersyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardingyeshorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnonenoneCausal Clustering using Raft protocolChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoTDB TransactionsACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyes infousing RocksDByesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infousing MemoryDByesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess control via Jena SecuritynoRole-based access controlFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache Jena - TDBLovefieldNebulaGraphVirtuosoYaacomo
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Broad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Largest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more
Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
Apache Jena - TDBLovefieldNebulaGraphVirtuosoYaacomo
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