DBMS > Apache Jena - TDB vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Apache Jena - TDB vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena framework

Well established RDBMS

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server

In-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle

Primary database model

RDF store

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.62
Rank	#83	Overall
	#3	RDF stores

Score	3.80
Rank	#82	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	27.71
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	19.93
Rank	#31	Overall
	#19	Relational DBMS

Score	1.36
Rank	#161	Overall
	#75	Relational DBMS

Website

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

azure.microsoft.com/services/synapse-analytics

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/timesten.html

Technical documentation

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

docs.actian.com/ingres

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

docs.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics

docs.oracle.com/database/timesten-18.1

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

originally developed by HP Labs

Actian Corporation

Microsoft

Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP

originally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005

Initial release

2000

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

2014

2016

1998

Current release

4.9.0, July 2023

11.2, May 2022

11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache License, Version 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

hosted

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

Data scheme

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

Fuseki

REST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO

RDF Input/Output

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Supported programming languages

Java

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

C#
Java
PHP

C
C++
Java
PL/SQL

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

JavaScript

Transact SQL

PL/SQL

Triggers

yes

via event handler

yes

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Ingres Replicator

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

TDB Transactions

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by means of logfiles and checkpoints

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access control via Jena Security

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

yes

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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