DBMS > Apache Jena - TDB vs. etcd vs. eXtremeDB vs. HugeGraph vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

System Properties Comparison Apache Jena - TDB vs. etcd vs. eXtremeDB vs. HugeGraph vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena framework

A distributed reliable key-value store

Natively in-memory DBMS with options for persistency, high-availability and clustering

A fast-speed and highly-scalable Graph DBMS

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Primary database model

RDF store

Key-value store

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Graph DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.75
Rank	#84	Overall
	#3	RDF stores

Score	7.25
Rank	#54	Overall
	#5	Key-value stores

Score	0.74
Rank	#223	Overall
	#103	Relational DBMS
	#18	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.13
Rank	#336	Overall
	#32	Graph DBMS

Score	29.04
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Website

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

etcd.io
github.com/etcd-io/etcd

www.mcobject.com

github.com/hugegraph
hugegraph.apache.org

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

Technical documentation

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

etcd.io/docs
github.com/etcd-io/etcd/tree/master/Documentation

www.mcobject.com/docs/extremedb.htm

hugegraph.apache.org/docs

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

originally developed by HP Labs

McObject

Baidu

Microsoft

Initial release

2000

2001

2018

2014

Current release

4.9.0, July 2023

3.4, August 2019

8.2, 2021

0.9

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache License, Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C and C++

Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

FreeBSD
Linux
Windows

experimental

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows

Linux
macOS
Unix

hosted

Data scheme

yes

RDF Schemas

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

support of XML interfaces available

Secondary indexes

yes

also supports composite index and range index

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with the option: eXtremeSQL

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

Fuseki

REST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO

RDF Input/Output

gRPC
JSON over HTTP

.NET Client API
JDBC
JNI
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
TinkerPop Gremlin

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Supported programming languages

Java

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl

.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
Lua
Python
Scala

Groovy
Java
Python

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

asynchronous Gremlin script jobs

JavaScript

Triggers

yes

via event handler

yes, watching key changes

yes

by defining events

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning / sharding

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

Active Replication Fabric™ for IoT
Multi-source replication

by means of eXtremeDB Cluster option
Source-replica replication

by means of eXtremeDB High Availability option

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

via hugegraph-spark

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

edges in graph

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

TDB Transactions

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Optimistic (MVCC) and pessimistic (locking) strategies available

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access control via Jena Security

Users, roles and permissions

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

eXtremeDB is an in-memory and/or persistent database system that offers an ultra-small...
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Competitive advantages

eXtremeDB databases can be modeled relationally or as objects and can utilize SQL...
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Typical application scenarios

IoT application across all markets: Industrial Control, Netcom, Telecom, Defense,...
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Key customers

Schneider Electronics, F5 Networks, TNS, Boeing, Northrop Grumman, GoPro, ViaSat,...
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Market metrics

With hundreds of customers and over 30 million devices/applications using the product...
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Licensing and pricing models

For server use cases, there is a simple per-server license irrespective of the number...
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.