DBMS > Apache Jena - TDB vs. Heroic vs. Ingres vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Jena - TDB vs. Heroic vs. Ingres vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena framework

Time Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearch

Well established RDBMS

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.62
Rank	#83	Overall
	#3	RDF stores

Score	0.46
Rank	#265	Overall
	#22	Time Series DBMS

Score	3.80
Rank	#82	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	0.18
Rank	#332	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

github.com/spotify/heroic

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

spotify.github.io/heroic

docs.actian.com/ingres

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

originally developed by HP Labs

Spotify

Actian Corporation

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2000

2014

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

2019

Current release

4.9.0, July 2023

11.2, May 2022

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache License, Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Clojure

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

RDF Schemas

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

Secondary indexes

yes

via Elasticsearch

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

Fuseki

REST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO

RDF Input/Output

HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

Java

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

via event handler

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

yes

Ingres Replicator

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

TDB Transactions

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Access control via Jena Security

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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