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DBMS > Apache Jena - TDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. GraphDB vs. JanusGraph vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Jena - TDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. GraphDB vs. JanusGraph vs. TypeDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Jena - TDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonJanusGraph infosuccessor of Titan  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena frameworkA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.A Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters infoIt was forked from the latest code base of Titan in January 2017TypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language
Primary database modelRDF storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMSGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.75
Rank#84  Overall
#3  RDF stores
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score3.32
Rank#91  Overall
#6  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score1.94
Rank#129  Overall
#12  Graph DBMS
Score0.65
Rank#234  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#107  Relational DBMS
Websitejena.apache.org/­documentation/­tdb/­index.htmlcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.ontotext.comjanusgraph.orgtypedb.com
Technical documentationjena.apache.org/­documentation/­tdb/­index.htmlcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationdocs.janusgraph.orgtypedb.com/­docs
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infooriginally developed by HP LabsGoogleOntotextLinux Foundation; originally developed as Titan by AureliusVaticle
Initial release20002017200020172016
Current release4.9.0, July 202310.4, October 20230.6.3, February 20232.26.3, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache License, Version 2.0commercialcommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaJavaJava
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyes infoRDF Schemasyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011stored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCnono
APIs and other access methodsFuseki infoREST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
Supported programming languagesJavaGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Clojure
Java
Python
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnowell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityyesno
Triggersyes infovia event handlernonoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneyes infodepending on the used storage backend (e.g. Cassandra, HBase, BerkeleyDB)Sharding infoby using Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replicationyesMulti-source replication infoby using Cassandra
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engineyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes infoConstraint checkingyes infoRelationships in graphsno infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoTDB TransactionsACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcastyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess control via Jena SecurityAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.User authentification and security via Rexster Graph Serveryes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache Jena - TDBGoogle Cloud SpannerGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMJanusGraph infosuccessor of TitanTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
TypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
TypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Life sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
Apache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more
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