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DBMS > Apache Jena - TDB vs. etcd vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

System Properties Comparison Apache Jena - TDB vs. etcd vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Jena - TDB  Xexclude from comparisonetcd  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena frameworkA distributed reliable key-value storeGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server
Primary database modelRDF storeKey-value storeKey-value store
Wide column store
Document store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.62
Rank#83  Overall
#3  RDF stores
Score7.03
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score5.18
Rank#63  Overall
#11  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#7  Search engines
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Websitejena.apache.org/­documentation/­tdb/­index.htmletcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
cloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.marklogic.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analytics
Technical documentationjena.apache.org/­documentation/­tdb/­index.htmletcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
cloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsdocs.marklogic.comdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infooriginally developed by HP LabsGoogleMarkLogic Corp.Microsoft
Initial release2000201520012016
Current release4.9.0, July 20233.4, August 201911.0, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache License, Version 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaGoC++C++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyes infoRDF Schemasschema-freeschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnonoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesnonoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnononoyes infoSQL92yes
APIs and other access methodsFuseki infoREST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
gRPC
JSON over HTTP
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesJava.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonoyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptTransact SQL
Triggersyes infovia event handleryes, watching key changesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesyesyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoTDB TransactionsnoAtomic single-row operationsACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes, with Range Indexes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess control via Jena SecuritynoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsyes

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More resources
Apache Jena - TDBetcdGoogle Cloud BigtableMarkLogicMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse
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