DBMS > Apache Jena - TDB vs. Dgraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server

System Properties Comparison Apache Jena - TDB vs. Dgraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena framework

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Primary database model

RDF store

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.85
Rank	#86	Overall
	#3	RDF stores

Score	1.48
Rank	#158	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	829.80
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Website

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

dgraph.io

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

Technical documentation

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

dgraph.io/docs

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

originally developed by HP Labs

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Microsoft

Initial release

2000

2016

1989

Current release

4.9.0, July 2023

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache License, Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
Windows

Data scheme

yes

RDF Schemas

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

Fuseki

REST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO

RDF Input/Output

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Supported programming languages

Java

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

via event handler

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Synchronous replication via Raft

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

TDB Transactions

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access control via Jena Security

Planned for future releases

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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