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DBMS > Apache Jena - TDB vs. Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. PostgreSQL vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Jena - TDB vs. Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. PostgreSQL vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Jena - TDB  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena frameworkDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRDF storeGraph DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.62
Rank#83  Overall
#3  RDF stores
Score1.53
Rank#152  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score4.36
Rank#72  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.18
Rank#332  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websitejena.apache.org/­documentation/­tdb/­index.htmldgraph.iocloud.google.com/­datastorewww.postgresql.orggithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationjena.apache.org/­documentation/­tdb/­index.htmldgraph.io/­docscloud.google.com/­datastore/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docswww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infooriginally developed by HP LabsDgraph Labs, Inc.GooglePostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerJuxt Ltd.
Initial release2000201620081989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2019
Current release4.9.0, July 202316.3, May 20241.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache License, Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
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Implementation languageJavaGoCClojure
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyes infoRDF Schemasschema-freeschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes, details hereyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoSQL-like query language (GQL)yes infostandard with numerous extensionslimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsFuseki infoREST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesJavaC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnousing Google App Engineuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersyes infovia event handlernoCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyesShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneSynchronous replication via RaftMulti-source replication using PaxosSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoTDB TransactionsACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess control via Jena Securityno infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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Apache Jena - TDBDgraphGoogle Cloud DatastorePostgreSQLXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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