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DBMS > Apache Jena - TDB vs. Blazegraph vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

System Properties Comparison Apache Jena - TDB vs. Blazegraph vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

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NameApache Jena - TDB  Xexclude from comparisonBlazegraph  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparison
Amazon has acquired Blazegraph's domain and (probably) product. It is said that Amazon Neptune is based on Blazegraph.
DescriptionA RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena frameworkHigh-performance graph database supporting Semantic Web (RDF/SPARQL) and Graph Database (tinkerpop3, blueprints, vertex-centric) APIs with scale-out and High Availability.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server
Primary database modelRDF storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.75
Rank#84  Overall
#3  RDF stores
Score0.75
Rank#219  Overall
#19  Graph DBMS
#8  RDF stores
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Websitejena.apache.org/­documentation/­tdb/­index.htmlblazegraph.comwww.h2database.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analytics
Technical documentationjena.apache.org/­documentation/­tdb/­index.htmlwiki.blazegraph.comwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infooriginally developed by HP LabsBlazegraphThomas MuellerMicrosoft
Initial release2000200620052016
Current release4.9.0, July 20232.1.5, March 20192.2.220, July 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache License, Version 2.0Open Source infoextended commercial license availableOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaJavaC++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMhosted
Data schemeyes infoRDF Schemasschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infoRDF literal typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSPARQL is used as query languageyesyes
APIs and other access methodsFuseki infoREST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL QUERY
SPARQL UPDATE
TinkerPop 3
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesJava.Net
C
C++
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaC#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsTransact SQL
Triggersyes infovia event handlernoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in Graphsyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoTDB TransactionsACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess control via Jena SecuritySecurity and Authentication via Web Application Container (Tomcat, Jetty)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes

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More resources
Apache Jena - TDBBlazegraphH2Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse
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