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DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP IQ vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP IQ vs. SurrealDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSAP IQ infoformer name: Sybase IQ  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLColumnar RDBMS optimized for Big Data analyticsA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS infocolumn-orientedDocument store
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.31
Rank#164  Overall
#14  Time Series DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.64
Rank#108  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score1.02
Rank#190  Overall
#33  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Websiteiotdb.apache.orgwww.postgresql.orgwww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sybase-iq-big-data-management.htmlsurrealdb.com
Technical documentationiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmlwww.postgresql.org/­docshelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_IQsurrealdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software FoundationPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSAP, formerly SybaseSurrealDB Ltd
Initial release20181989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL19942022
Current release1.1.0, April 202316.3, May 202416.1 SPS04, April 2019v1.5.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaCRust
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyesSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
Native API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes
Triggersyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashshared disk or shared nothing architectures with SAP IQ Multiplexer
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSAP/Sybase Replication Server
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsIntegration with Hadoop and SparknoHadoop integrationno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes, based on authentication and database rules

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More resources
Apache IoTDBPostgreSQLSAP IQ infoformer name: Sybase IQSurrealDB
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