DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SurrealDB vs. Teradata Aster

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SurrealDB vs. Teradata Aster

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Teradata Aster has been integrated into other Teradata systems and therefore will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.

Description

An IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and Flink

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

A fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS

Platform for big data analytics on multistructured data sources and types

Primary database model

Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.31
Rank	#164	Overall
	#14	Time Series DBMS

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	1.02
Rank	#190	Overall
	#33	Document stores
	#18	Graph DBMS

Website

iotdb.apache.org

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

surrealdb.com

Technical documentation

iotdb.apache.org/UserGuide/Master/QuickStart/QuickStart.html

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

surrealdb.com/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Microsoft

SurrealDB Ltd

Teradata

Initial release

2018

1989

2022

2005

Current release

1.1.0, April 2023

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

v1.5.0, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Rust

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)

Linux
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)

defined schema within the relational store; partial schema or schema free in the Aster File Store

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

in Aster File Store

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
Native API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust

C
C#
C++
Java
Python
R

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

R packages

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicas

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

yes

Dimension tables are replicated across all nodes in the cluster. The number of replicas for the file store can be configured.

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Integration with Hadoop and Spark

yes

SQL Map-Reduce Framework

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

yes

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes, based on authentication and database rules

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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