DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Milvus vs. RRDtool

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Milvus vs. RRDtool

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and Flink

Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java

also known as HSQLDB

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

A DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searches

Industry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database.

The data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.31
Rank	#164	Overall
	#14	Time Series DBMS

Score	3.23
Rank	#93	Overall
	#48	Relational DBMS

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	2.78
Rank	#103	Overall
	#4	Vector DBMS

Score	1.90
Rank	#132	Overall
	#11	Time Series DBMS

Website

iotdb.apache.org

hsqldb.org

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

milvus.io

oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool

Technical documentation

iotdb.apache.org/UserGuide/Master/QuickStart/QuickStart.html

hsqldb.org/web/hsqlDocsFrame.html

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

milvus.io/docs/overview.md

oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/doc

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Microsoft

Tobias Oetiker

Initial release

2018

2001

1989

2019

1999

Current release

1.1.0, April 2023

2.7.2, June 2023

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

2.4.4, May 2024

1.8.0, 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

based on BSD license

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

GPL V2 and FLOSS

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus

Implementation language

Java

C++

C++, Go

Implementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# available

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)

All OS with a Java VM

Embedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modes

Linux
Windows

Linux
macOS

10.14 or later
Windows

with WSL 2 enabled

HP-UX
Linux

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Vector, Numeric and String

Numeric data only

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Exporting into and restoring from XML files possible

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
Native API

HTTP API

JDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

RESTful HTTP API

in-process shared library
Pipes

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

with librrd library
C#

with a different implementation of RRDTool
Java

with a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js)

with a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP

with a wrapper library
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Java, SQL

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)

none

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicas

none

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Integration with Hadoop and Spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

by using the rrdcached daemon

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

yes

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role based access control and fine grained access rights

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Milvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more

Competitive advantages

Highly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more

Typical application scenarios

RAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more

Key customers

Milvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more

Market metrics

As of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations 3k+ enterprise...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Milvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
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