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DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. PostgreSQL vs. Sphinx vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. PostgreSQL vs. Sphinx vs. TinkerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSphinx  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLOpen source search engine for searching in data from different sources, e.g. relational databasesA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Search engineGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.31
Rank#164  Overall
#14  Time Series DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score5.95
Rank#55  Overall
#5  Search engines
Score0.13
Rank#345  Overall
#35  Graph DBMS
Websiteiotdb.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.postgresql.orgsphinxsearch.comtinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlin
Technical documentationiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmlcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docssphinxsearch.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software FoundationGooglePostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSphinx Technologies Inc.
Initial release201820171989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20012009
Current release1.1.0, April 202316.3, May 20243.5.1, February 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoGPL version 2, commercial licence availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaCC++Java
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)hostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
NetBSD
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infofull-text index on all search fieldsno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like query language (SphinxQL)no
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
Native API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Proprietary protocolTinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C++ infounofficial client library
Java
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby infounofficial client library
Groovy
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.nono
Triggersyesnoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)Shardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding infoPartitioning is done manually, search queries against distributed index is supportednone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsIntegration with Hadoop and Sparkyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesnoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesno
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoThe original contents of fields are not stored in the Sphinx index.optional
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlyesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnono

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Apache IoTDBGoogle Cloud SpannerPostgreSQLSphinxTinkerGraph
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