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DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. Firebird vs. FoundationDB vs. H2 vs. Weaviate

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. Firebird vs. FoundationDB vs. H2 vs. Weaviate

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonWeaviate  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.An AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSVector DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.18
Rank#173  Overall
#15  Time Series DBMS
Score20.82
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score1.73
Rank#143  Overall
#5  Vector DBMS
Websiteiotdb.apache.orgwww.firebirdsql.orggithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.h2database.comgithub.com/­weaviate/­weaviate
weaviate.io
Technical documentationiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmlwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualsapple.github.io/­foundationdbwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlweaviate.io/­developers/­weaviate
DeveloperApache Software FoundationFirebird FoundationFoundationDBThomas MuellerWeaviate B.V.
Initial release20182000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase201320052019
Current release1.1.0, April 20235.0.0, January 20246.2.28, November 20202.2.220, July 20231.19, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoInitial Developer's Public LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infocommercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC and C++C++JavaGo
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM
Data schemeyesyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesyes, maps to GraphQL interface
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesno infosome layers support typingyesyes infostring, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes infoall data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageyessupported in specific SQL layer onlyyesGraphQL is used as query language
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
Native API
ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
JavaJavaScript / TypeScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesPSQLin SQL-layer onlyJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsno
Triggersyesyesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)noneShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasSource-replica replicationyesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsIntegration with Hadoop and Sparknononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Linearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesin SQL-layer onlyyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlyesUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAPI Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache IoTDBFirebirdFoundationDBH2Weaviate
Specific characteristicsWeaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
» more
Competitive advantagesFlexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
» more
Typical application scenariosAs a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
» more
Key customersAll companies that have data. ​
» more
Market metricsAs of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsWeaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
» more

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More resources
Apache IoTDBFirebirdFoundationDBH2Weaviate
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