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DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. PouchDB vs. Titan vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. PouchDB vs. Titan vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonPouchDB  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.JavaScript DBMS with an API inspired by CouchDBTitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.Virtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSDocument storeDocument storeGraph DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.18
Rank#173  Overall
#15  Time Series DBMS
Score14.29
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score2.28
Rank#115  Overall
#21  Document stores
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websiteiotdb.apache.orgfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasepouchdb.comgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titanvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmlfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasepouchdb.com/­guidesgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wikidocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperApache Software FoundationGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014Apache Software FoundationAurelius, owned by DataStaxOpenLink Software
Initial release20182012201220121998
Current release1.1.0, April 20237.1.1, June 20197.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen SourceOpen Source infoApache license, version 2.0Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaJavaScriptJavaC
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)hostedserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infovia viewsyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagenononoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
Native API
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP REST infoonly for PouchDB Server
JavaScript API
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
JavaScriptClojure
Java
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyeslimited functionality with using 'rules'View functions in JavaScriptyesyes infoVirtuoso PL
TriggersyesCallbacks are triggered when data changesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)Sharding infowith a proxy-based framework, named couchdb-loungeyes infovia pluggable storage backendsyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasMulti-source replication infoalso with CouchDB databases
Source-replica replication infoalso with CouchDB databases
yesChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsIntegration with Hadoop and Sparknoyesyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engineyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Eventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Eventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes infoRelationships in graphyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoyesnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoby using IndexedDB, WebSQL or LevelDB as backendyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcastyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlyesyes, based on authentication and database rulesnoUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph ServerFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache IoTDBFirebase Realtime DatabasePouchDBTitanVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
Apache IoTDBFirebase Realtime DatabasePouchDBTitanVirtuoso
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