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DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. Elasticsearch vs. Milvus vs. TiDB vs. Weaviate

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. Elasticsearch vs. Milvus vs. TiDB vs. Weaviate

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparisonWeaviate  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.An AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSSearch engineVector DBMSRelational DBMSVector DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.18
Rank#173  Overall
#15  Time Series DBMS
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score2.31
Rank#113  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score4.66
Rank#70  Overall
#38  Relational DBMS
Score1.73
Rank#143  Overall
#5  Vector DBMS
Websiteiotdb.apache.orgwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchmilvus.iopingcap.comgithub.com/­weaviate/­weaviate
weaviate.io
Technical documentationiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmlwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mddocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stableweaviate.io/­developers/­weaviate
DeveloperApache Software FoundationElasticPingCAP, Inc.Weaviate B.V.
Initial release20182010201920162019
Current release1.1.0, April 20238.6, January 20232.3.4, January 20248.0.0, March 20241.19, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infocommercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for MilvusTiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC++, GoGo, RustGo
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)All OS with a Java VMLinux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesyes, maps to GraphQL interface
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesVector, Numeric and Stringyesyes infostring, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexednoyesyes infoall data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageSQL-like query languagenoyesGraphQL is used as query language
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
Native API
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
RESTful HTTP APIGORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
JavaScript / TypeScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesnonono
Triggersyesyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)ShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning (by key range)Sharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasyesUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsIntegration with Hadoop and SparkES-Hadoop Connectornoyes infowith TiSpark Connectorno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Eventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes infofull support since version 6.6no
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanononoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesMemcached and Redis integrationyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlyesRole based access control and fine grained access rightsFine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAPI Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache IoTDBElasticsearchMilvusTiDBWeaviate
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more
Weaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more
- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more
Flexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
» more
Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
» more
As a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
» more
Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more
All companies that have data. ​
» more
Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
As of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more
TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more
Weaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
» more

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