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DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. Dgraph vs. Kinetica vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. Dgraph vs. Kinetica vs. PostgreSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonKinetica  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSFully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUsWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.31
Rank#164  Overall
#14  Time Series DBMS
Score1.53
Rank#152  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score0.66
Rank#234  Overall
#107  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websiteiotdb.apache.orgdgraph.iowww.kinetica.comwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmldgraph.io/­docsdocs.kinetica.comwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperApache Software FoundationDgraph Labs, Inc.KineticaPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2018201620121989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release1.1.0, April 20237.1, August 202116.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaGoC, C++C
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)Linux
OS X
Windows
LinuxFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagenoSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
Native API
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnouser defined functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersyesnoyes infotriggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified rangeyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)yesShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasSynchronous replication via RaftSource-replica replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsIntegration with Hadoop and Sparknonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infoGPU vRAM or System RAMno
User concepts infoAccess controlyesno infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights for users and roles on table levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache IoTDBDgraphKineticaPostgreSQL
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