DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. ClickHouse vs. PostgreSQL vs. SpatiaLite vs. Sphinx

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. ClickHouse vs. PostgreSQL vs. SpatiaLite vs. Sphinx

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and Flink

A high-performance, column-oriented SQL DBMS for online analytical processing (OLAP) that uses all available system resources to their full potential to process each analytical query as fast as possible. It is available as both an open-source software and a cloud offering.

Widely used open source RDBMS

Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL

Spatial extension of SQLite

Open source search engine for searching in data from different sources, e.g. relational databases

Primary database model

Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.

Spatial DBMS

Search engine

Secondary database models

Time Series DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

with pgvector extension

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.18
Rank	#173	Overall
	#15	Time Series DBMS

Score	16.34
Rank	#38	Overall
	#23	Relational DBMS

Score	645.54
Rank	#4	Overall
	#4	Relational DBMS

Score	1.60
Rank	#149	Overall
	#3	Spatial DBMS

Score	5.98
Rank	#56	Overall
	#5	Search engines

Website

iotdb.apache.org

clickhouse.com

www.postgresql.org

www.gaia-gis.it/fossil/libspatialite/index

sphinxsearch.com

Technical documentation

iotdb.apache.org/UserGuide/Master/QuickStart/QuickStart.html

clickhouse.com/docs

www.postgresql.org/docs

www.gaia-gis.it/gaia-sins/spatialite_topics.html

sphinxsearch.com/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Clickhouse Inc.

PostgreSQL Global Development Group

www.postgresql.org/developer

Alessandro Furieri

Sphinx Technologies Inc.

Initial release

2018

2016

1989

1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL

2008

2001

Current release

1.1.0, April 2023

v24.4.1.2088-stable, May 2024

16.3, May 2024

5.0.0, August 2020

3.5.1, February 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

MPL 1.1, GPL v2.0 or LGPL v2.1

Open Source

GPL version 2, commercial licence available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

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PostgreSQL Flex @ STACKIT offers managed PostgreSQL Instances with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed and several extensions available, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All 100% GDPR-compliant.
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Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)

FreeBSD
Linux
macOS

FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows

server-less

FreeBSD
Linux
NetBSD
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.

Secondary indexes

yes

full-text index on all search fields

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

Close to ANSI SQL (SQL/JSON + extensions)

yes

standard with numerous extensions

yes

SQL-like query language (SphinxQL)

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
Native API

gRPC
HTTP REST
JDBC
MySQL wire protocol
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Proprietary protocol

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Proprietary protocol

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala

3rd party library
C++
Elixir

3rd party library
Go

3rd party library
Java

3rd party library
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party library
Kotlin

3rd party library
Nim

3rd party library
Perl

3rd party library
PHP

3rd party library
Python

3rd party library
R

3rd party library
Ruby

3rd party library
Rust
Scala

3rd party library

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java

JDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

C++

unofficial client library
Java
Perl

unofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby

unofficial client library

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)

key based and custom

partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash

none

Sharding

Partitioning is done manually, search queries against distributed index is supported

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicas

Asynchronous and synchronous physical replication; geographically distributed replicas; support for object storages.

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Integration with Hadoop and Spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

The original contents of fields are not stored in the Sphinx index.

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

yes

Access rights for users and roles. Column and row based policies. Quotas and resource limits. Pluggable authentication with LDAP and Kerberos. Password based, X.509 certificate, and SSH key authentication.

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

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Related products and services

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