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DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. Citus vs. PostgreSQL vs. Teradata Aster

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. Citus vs. PostgreSQL vs. Teradata Aster

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTeradata Aster  Xexclude from comparison
Teradata Aster has been integrated into other Teradata systems and therefore will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLPlatform for big data analytics on multistructured data sources and types
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.31
Rank#164  Overall
#14  Time Series DBMS
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websiteiotdb.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmldocs.citusdata.comwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperApache Software FoundationPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerTeradata
Initial release201820101989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2005
Current release1.1.0, April 20238.1, December 201816.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoBSDcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaCC
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)LinuxFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free) infodefined schema within the relational store; partial schema or schema free in the Aster File Store
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.yes infoin Aster File Store
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
Native API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Java
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.user defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.R packages
Triggersyesyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)Shardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes infoDimension tables are replicated across all nodes in the cluster. The number of replicas for the file store can be configured.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsIntegration with Hadoop and Sparknonoyes infoSQL Map-Reduce Framework
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonono
User concepts infoAccess controlyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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Apache IoTDBCitusPostgreSQLTeradata Aster
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