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DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. Citus vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Hazelcast vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. Citus vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Hazelcast vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.A widely adopted in-memory data gridWidely used in-process key-value store
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeKey-value storeKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.18
Rank#173  Overall
#15  Time Series DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score14.29
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score5.97
Rank#57  Overall
#6  Key-value stores
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Websiteiotdb.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasehazelcast.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.html
Technical documentationiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmldocs.citusdata.comfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasehazelcast.org/­imdg/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.html
DeveloperApache Software FoundationGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014HazelcastOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle
Initial release20182010201220081994
Current release1.1.0, April 20238.1, December 20185.3.6, November 202318.1.40, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availableOpen Source infocommercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaCJavaC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)LinuxhostedAll OS with a Java VMAIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynoyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategyyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML edition
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnoSQL-like query languageyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is available
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
Native API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.limited functionality with using 'rules'yes infoEvent Listeners, Executor Servicesno
TriggersyesyesCallbacks are triggered when data changesyes infoEventsyes infoonly for the SQL API
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)ShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes infoReplicated MapSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsIntegration with Hadoop and Sparknonoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus Algorithm
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDyesone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes, based on authentication and database rulesRole-based access controlno

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More resources
Apache IoTDBCitusFirebase Realtime DatabaseHazelcastOracle Berkeley DB
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