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DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. Citus vs. CouchDB vs. H2

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. Citus vs. CouchDB vs. H2

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.31
Rank#164  Overall
#14  Time Series DBMS
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score8.30
Rank#47  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Websiteiotdb.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comcouchdb.apache.orgwww.h2database.com
Technical documentationiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmldocs.citusdata.comdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablewww.h2database.com/­html/­main.html
DeveloperApache Software FoundationApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerThomas Mueller
Initial release2018201020052005
Current release1.1.0, April 20238.1, December 20183.3.3, December 20232.2.220, July 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaCErlangJava
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)LinuxAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VM
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infovia viewsyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnoyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
Native API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIJDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.View functions in JavaScriptJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions
Triggersyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)ShardingSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0none
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsIntegration with Hadoop and Sparknoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Immediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDno infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users can be defined per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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