DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. Apache Jena - TDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. Apache Jena - TDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and Flink

A RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena framework

A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.

Database as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDB

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Primary database model

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.31
Rank	#159	Overall
	#14	Time Series DBMS

Score	2.91
Rank	#93	Overall
	#3	RDF stores

Score	2.69
Rank	#101	Overall
	#51	Relational DBMS

Score	2.85
Rank	#95	Overall
	#18	Document stores

Score	24.97
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Website

iotdb.apache.org

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

cloud.google.com/spanner

www.ibm.com/products/cloudant

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

Technical documentation

iotdb.apache.org/UserGuide/Master/QuickStart/QuickStart.html

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

cloud.google.com/spanner/docs

cloud.ibm.com/docs/Cloudant

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

originally developed by HP Labs

Google

IBM, Apache Software Foundation

IBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014

Microsoft

Initial release

2018

2000

2017

2010

2014

Current release

1.1.0, April 2023

4.9.0, July 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache License, Version 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Erlang

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

Data scheme

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes

Query statements complying to ANSI 2011

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
Native API

Fuseki

REST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO

RDF Input/Output

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC

At present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala

Java

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

View functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScript

JavaScript

Triggers

yes

via event handler

yes

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicas

none

Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Integration with Hadoop and Spark

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

yes

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

by using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

TDB Transactions

ACID

Strict serializable isolation

atomic operations within a document possible

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Optimistic locking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

yes

Access control via Jena Security

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Access rights for users can be defined per database

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

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