DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Teradata vs. TinkerGraph vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Teradata vs. TinkerGraph vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

A hybrid cloud data analytics software platform (Teradata Vantage)

A lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	13.77
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	45.33
Rank	#21	Overall
	#15	Relational DBMS

Score	0.08
Rank	#348	Overall
	#35	Graph DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#343	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

impala.apache.org

www.teradata.com

tinkerpop.apache.org/docs/current/reference/#tinkergraph-gremlin

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

docs.teradata.com

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Teradata

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2013

1984

2009

2019

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

Teradata Vantage 1.0 MU2, January 2019

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Java

Clojure

Server operating systems

Linux

hosted
Linux

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

Join-index to prejoin tables, aggregate index, sparse index, hash index

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

SQL 2016 + extensions

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

.NET Client API
HTTP REST
JDBC
JMS Adapter
ODBC
OLE DB

TinkerPop 3

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C
C++
Cobol
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
Perl
PL/1
Python
R
Ruby

Groovy
Java

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

UDFs, stored procedures, table functions in parallel

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Hashing

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optional

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

Teradata is the most popular data warehouse DBMS
2 April 2013, Paul Andlinger

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