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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. RDFox vs. SingleStore vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. RDFox vs. SingleStore vs. Stardog

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonRDFox  Xexclude from comparisonSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopHigh performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engineMySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table typeEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score10.63
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.22
Rank#305  Overall
#25  Graph DBMS
#15  RDF stores
Score4.02
Rank#74  Overall
#39  Relational DBMS
Score1.93
Rank#121  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.oxfordsemantic.techwww.singlestore.comwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.oxfordsemantic.techdocs.singlestore.comdocs.stardog.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaOxford Semantic TechnologiesSingleStore Inc.Stardog-Union
Initial release2013201720132010
Current release4.1.0, June 20226.0, Septermber 20228.5, January 20247.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercial infofree developer edition availablecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++C++, GoJava
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux info64 bit version requiredLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyes infoRDF schemasyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyes infobut no triggers and foreign keysYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1
Cluster Management API infoas HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
Java
Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersnonoyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infohash partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorreplication via a shared file systemSource-replica replication infostores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodesMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceno infocan define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculationsno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setupsImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoAll updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.yes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosRoles, resources, and access typesFine grained access control via users, groups and rolesAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Apache ImpalaRDFoxSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQLStardog
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