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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Prometheus vs. Realm vs. Stardog vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Prometheus vs. Realm vs. Stardog vs. TimescaleDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonPrometheus  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopOpen-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring systemA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core DataEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score7.69
Rank#50  Overall
#3  Time Series DBMS
Score7.41
Rank#52  Overall
#8  Document stores
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score4.46
Rank#71  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgprometheus.iorealm.iowww.stardog.comwww.timescale.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlprometheus.io/­docsrealm.io/­docsdocs.stardog.comdocs.timescale.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019Stardog-UnionTimescale
Initial release20132015201420102017
Current release4.1.0, June 20227.3.0, May 20202.15.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Sourcecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++GoJavaC
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
Windows
Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesNumeric data onlyyesyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infoImport of XML data possiblenono infoImport/export of XML data possibleyes
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnonoYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serveryes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIGraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C++
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ruby
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenono inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessaryuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javauser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
Triggersnonoyes infoChange Listenersyes infovia event handlersyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnonenoneyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryes infoby FederationnoneMulti-source replication in HA-ClusterSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusterImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes inforelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infoIn-Memory realmyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosnoyesAccess rights for users and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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Apache ImpalaPrometheusRealmStardogTimescaleDB
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