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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. PostgreSQL vs. SQream DB vs. ToroDB vs. YugabyteDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. PostgreSQL vs. SQream DB vs. ToroDB vs. YugabyteDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSQream DB  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparisonYugabyteDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLa GPU-based, columnar RDBMS for big data analytics workloadsA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQLHigh-performance distributed SQL database for global, internet-scale applications. Wire and feature compatible with PostgreSQL.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.70
Rank#227  Overall
#104  Relational DBMS
Score2.91
Rank#102  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.postgresql.orgsqream.comgithub.com/­torodb/­serverwww.yugabyte.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.sqream.comdocs.yugabyte.com
github.com/­yugabyte/­yugabyte-db
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSQream Technologies8KdataYugabyte Inc.
Initial release20131989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL201720162017
Current release4.1.0, June 202216.3, May 20242022.1.6, December 20222.19, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CC++, CUDA, Haskell, Java, ScalaJavaC and C++
Server operating systemsLinuxFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
LinuxAll OS with a Java 7 VMLinux
OS X
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freedepending on used data model
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes, ANSI Standard SQL Typesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_idyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyesyes, PostgreSQL compatible
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
.Net
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
YCQL, an SQL-based flexible-schema API with its roots in Cassandra Query Language
YSQL - a fully relational SQL API that is wire compatible with the SQL language in PostgreSQL
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.user defined functions in Pythonyes infosql, plpgsql, C
Triggersnoyesnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashhorizontal and vertical partitioningShardingHash and Range Sharding, row-level geo-partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnoneSource-replica replicationBased on Raft distributed consensus protocol, minimum 3 replicas for continuous availability
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Strong consistency on writes and tunable consistency on reads
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDnoDistributed ACID with Serializable & Snapshot Isolation. Inspired by Google Spanner architecture.
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infobased on RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesyes
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaPostgreSQLSQream DBToroDBYugabyteDB
Specific characteristicsYugabyteDB is an open source distributed SQL database for cloud native transactional...
» more
Competitive advantagesPostgreSQL compatible: Get instantly productive with a PostgreSQL compatible RDBMS....
» more
Typical application scenariosSystems of record and engagement for cloud native applications that require resilience,...
» more
Market metrics2 Million+ lifetime clusters deployed, 6.5K+ GitHub stars, 7K YugabyteDB Community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache 2.0 license for the database
» more

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More resources
Apache ImpalaPostgreSQLSQream DBToroDBYugabyteDB
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