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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Pinecone vs. PostgreSQL vs. RethinkDB vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Pinecone vs. PostgreSQL vs. RethinkDB vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonPinecone  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRethinkDB  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA managed, cloud-native vector databaseWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLDBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSVector DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document storeDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score3.23
Rank#92  Overall
#2  Vector DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.66
Rank#107  Overall
#20  Document stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.pinecone.iowww.postgresql.orgrethinkdb.comgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.pinecone.io/­docs/­overviewwww.postgresql.org/­docsrethinkdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaPinecone Systems, IncPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerThe Linux Foundation infosince July 20178Kdata
Initial release201320191989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20092016
Current release4.1.0, June 202216.3, May 20242.4.1, August 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
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Implementation languageC++CC++Java
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesString, Number, Booleanyesyes infostring, binary, float, bool, date, geometryyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCPython.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C infocommunity-supported driver
C# infocommunity-supported driver
C++ infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure infocommunity-supported driver
Dart infocommunity-supported driver
Erlang infocommunity-supported driver
Go infocommunity-supported driver
Haskell infocommunity-supported driver
Java infoofficial driver
JavaScript (Node.js) infoofficial driver
Lisp infocommunity-supported driver
Lua infocommunity-supported driver
Objective-C infocommunity-supported driver
Perl infocommunity-supported driver
PHP infocommunity-supported driver
Python infoofficial driver
Ruby infoofficial driver
Scala infocommunity-supported driver
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
TriggersnoyesClient-side triggers through changefeedsno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding inforange basedSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replicationSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDAtomic single-document operationsno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoMVCC basedyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes infousers and table-level permissionsAccess rights for users and roles

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