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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. OrientDB vs. QuestDB vs. Stardog vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. OrientDB vs. QuestDB vs. Stardog vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)A high performance open source SQL database for time series dataEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Time Series DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#89  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#13  Key-value stores
Score2.70
Rank#105  Overall
#8  Time Series DBMS
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgorientdb.orgquestdb.iowww.stardog.comtrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmlquestdb.io/­docsdocs.stardog.comtrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPQuestDB Technology IncStardog-UnionApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release20132010201420102014
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.2.29, March 20247.3.0, May 20202.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaJava (Zero-GC), C++, RustJavaC++, Java
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")yes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query language, no joinsSQL with time-series extensionsYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serveryes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceJava, Javascriptnouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in JavaJava Stored Procedures
TriggersnoHooksnoyes infovia event handlersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)noneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication with eventual consistencyMulti-source replication in HA-Clusteryes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceno infocould be achieved with distributed queriesnonoyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusterImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes inforelationship in graphsnoyes inforelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACID for single-table writesACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infothrough memory mapped filesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurableAccess rights for users and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaOrientDBQuestDBStardogTrafodion
Specific characteristicsRelational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
Typical application scenariosFinancial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Key customersBanks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
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