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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. NuoDB vs. SurrealDB vs. ToroDB vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. NuoDB vs. SurrealDB vs. ToroDB vs. Vertica

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMSA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQLCloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Document storeRelational DBMS infoColumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.94
Rank#197  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Score1.02
Rank#190  Overall
#33  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Score10.06
Rank#42  Overall
#26  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databasesurrealdb.comgithub.com/­torodb/­serverwww.vertica.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldoc.nuodb.comsurrealdb.com/­docsvertica.com/­documentation
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.SurrealDB Ltd8KdataOpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard
Initial release20132013202220162005
Current release4.1.0, June 2022v1.5.0, May 202412.0.3, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial infolimited edition freeOpen SourceOpen Source infoAGPL-V3commercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++RustJavaC++
Server operating systemsLinuxhosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VMLinux
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-freeYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_idyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesSQL-like query languageFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceJava, SQLyes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences
Triggersnoyesnoyes, called Custom Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingdata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtenShardinghorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono infoBi-directional Spark integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID infotunable commit protocolACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoMVCCyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoTemporary tableno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Usersyes, based on authentication and database rulesAccess rights for users and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaNuoDBSurrealDBToroDBVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
Specific characteristicsDeploy-anywhere database for large-scale analytical deployments. Deploy off-cloud,...
» more
Competitive advantagesFast, scalable, and capable of high concurrency. Separation of compute/storage leverages...
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Typical application scenariosCommunication and network analytics, Embedded analytics, Fraud monitoring and Risk...
» more
Key customersAbiba Systems, Adform, adMarketplace, AmeriPride, Anritsu, AOL, Avito, Auckland Transport,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsCost-based models and subscription-based models are both available. One license is...
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More resources
Apache ImpalaNuoDBSurrealDBToroDBVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
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