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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Realm vs. Snowflake

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Realm vs. Snowflake

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparisonSnowflake  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core DataCloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score7.60
Rank#52  Overall
#9  Document stores
Score121.33
Rank#9  Overall
#6  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverrealm.iowww.snowflake.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmllearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverrealm.io/­docsdocs.snowflake.net/­manuals/­index.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoftRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019Snowflake Computing Inc.
Initial release2013198920142014
Current release4.1.0, June 2022SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Sourcecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageC++C++
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
Windows
Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesyesyesyes infosupport of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesnoyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javano inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessaryuser defined functions
Triggersnoyesyes infoChange Listenersno infosimilar concept for controling cloud resources
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationnoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionnoneyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infoIn-Memory realmno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

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Apache ImpalaMicrosoft SQL ServerRealmSnowflake
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