DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. Tarantool vs. TimesTen vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. Tarantool vs. TimesTen vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

A Wide Column Store for rapid development using massive semi-structured datasets

In-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applications

In-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Wide column store

Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Document store

Spatial DBMS

with Tarantool/GIS extension

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	13.77
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	4.48
Rank	#75	Overall
	#6	Wide column stores

Score	1.72
Rank	#144	Overall
	#25	Document stores
	#25	Key-value stores
	#66	Relational DBMS

Score	1.31
Rank	#163	Overall
	#74	Relational DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#343	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

impala.apache.org

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/services/storage/tables

www.tarantool.io

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/timesten.html

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

www.tarantool.io/en/doc

docs.oracle.com/database/timesten-18.1

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Microsoft

Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP

originally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2013

2012

2008

1998

2019

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

2.10.0, May 2022

11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

Open Source

BSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool Enterprise

commercial

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

C and C++

Clojure

Server operating systems

Linux

hosted

BSD
Linux
macOS

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Flexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columns

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetime

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

Full-featured ANSI SQL support

yes

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP API

Open binary protocol

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C#
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Rust

C
C++
Java
PL/SQL

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

Lua, C and SQL stored procedures

PL/SQL

Triggers

yes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session events

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime.

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

yes

implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

Asynchronous replication with multi-master option
Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star)
Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft)

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Casual consistency across sharding partitions
Eventual consistency within replicaset partition

when using asyncronous replication
Immediate Consistency within single instance
Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition

when using Raft

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

optimistic locking

ACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactions

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, cooperative multitasking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, write ahead logging

yes

by means of logfiles and checkpoints

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistence

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Access rights based on private key authentication or shared access signatures

Access Control Lists
Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise
Password based authentication
Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise
Users and Roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

Data processing speed and reliability: in-memory synchronous replication
9 November 2021, Vladimir Perepelytsya, Tarantool (sponsor)

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