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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. etcd vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Qdrant vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. etcd vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Qdrant vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonetcd  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonQdrant  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA distributed reliable key-value storeElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerA high-performance vector database with neural network or semantic-based matchingA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSVector DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score7.25
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score1.16
Rank#175  Overall
#6  Vector DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgetcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
azure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsgithub.com/­qdrant/­qdrant
qdrant.tech
github.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmletcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
docs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsqdrant.tech/­documentation
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoftQdrant8Kdata
Initial release2013201620212016
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.4, August 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++GoC++RustJava
Server operating systemsLinuxFreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
hostedDocker
Linux
macOS
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesNumbers, Strings, Geo, Booleanyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes infoKeywords, numberic ranges, geo, full-text
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyesno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
gRPC
JSON over HTTP
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC
OpenAPI 3.0
RESTful HTTP/JSON API infoOpenAPI 3.0
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
C#
Java
PHP
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoTransact SQL
Triggersnoyes, watching key changesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.yesCollection-level replicationSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency, tunable consistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosnoyesKey-based authenticationAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Apache ImpalaetcdMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseQdrantToroDB
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