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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RavenDB vs. SAP Adaptive Server vs. STSdb

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RavenDB vs. SAP Adaptive Server vs. STSdb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparisonSAP Adaptive Server infoformer name: Sybase ASE  Xexclude from comparisonSTSdb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopFully managed big data interactive analytics platformOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document DatabaseThe SAP (Sybase) Adaptive Server Enterprise (ASE) is an enterprise-class RDBMSKey-Value Store with special method for indexing infooptimized for high performance using a special indexing method
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument storeRelational DBMSKey-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Spatial DBMS infowith Boeing's Spatial Query Server
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#101  Overall
#18  Document stores
Score35.09
Rank#25  Overall
#17  Relational DBMS
Score0.10
Rank#357  Overall
#51  Key-value stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerravendb.netwww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sybase-ase.htmlgithub.com/­STSSoft/­STSdb4
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerravendb.net/­docshelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_ASE
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoftHibernating RhinosSAP, SybaseSTS Soft SC
Initial release20132019201019872011
Current release4.1.0, June 2022cloud service with continuous releases5.4, July 202216.04.0.8, September 2015
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license availablecommercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C#C and C++C#
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedLinux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Windows
Data schemeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesnoyesyes infoprimitive types and user defined types (classes)
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query language (RQL)yesno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
.NET Client API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C++
Cobol
Java
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
C#
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RyesJava and Transact-SQLno
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardinghorizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Default ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACID, Cluster-wide transaction availableACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAuthorization levels configured per client per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
Apache ImpalaMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerRavenDBSAP Adaptive Server infoformer name: Sybase ASESTSdb
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