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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RDFox vs. SWC-DB vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RDFox vs. SWC-DB vs. Titan

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonRDFox  Xexclude from comparisonSWC-DB infoSuper Wide Column Database  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopFully managed big data interactive analytics platformHigh performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engineA high performance, scalable Wide Column DBMSTitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedGraph DBMS
RDF store
Wide column storeGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMSTime Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.23
Rank#308  Overall
#25  Graph DBMS
#14  RDF stores
Score0.01
Rank#376  Overall
#13  Wide column stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.oxfordsemantic.techgithub.com/­kashirin-alex/­swc-db
www.swcdb.org
github.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.oxfordsemantic.techgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wiki
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoftOxford Semantic TechnologiesAlex KashirinAurelius, owned by DataStax
Initial release20132019201720202012
Current release4.1.0, June 2022cloud service with continuous releases6.0, Septermber 20220.5, April 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPL V3Open Source infoApache license, version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++C++Java
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedLinux
macOS
Windows
LinuxLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes infoRDF schemasschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnoSQL-like query languageno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1
Proprietary protocol
Thrift
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
Java
C++Clojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnoyes
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingyes infovia pluggable storage backends
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.replication via a shared file systemyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setupsImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoRelationships in graph
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAzure Active Directory AuthenticationRoles, resources, and access typesUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

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More resources
Apache ImpalaMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerRDFoxSWC-DB infoSuper Wide Column DatabaseTitan
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