DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Memgraph vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. QuestDB vs. Snowflake

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Memgraph vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. QuestDB vs. Snowflake

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

An open source graph database built for real-time streaming and compatible with Neo4j

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

A high performance open source SQL database for time series data

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	12.45
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	3.19
Rank	#94	Overall
	#8	Graph DBMS

Score	27.71
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	2.70
Rank	#105	Overall
	#8	Time Series DBMS

Score	130.36
Rank	#8	Overall
	#5	Relational DBMS

Website

impala.apache.org

memgraph.com

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

questdb.io

www.snowflake.com

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

memgraph.com/docs

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

questdb.io/docs

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

Social network pages

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Memgraph Ltd

Microsoft

QuestDB Technology Inc

Snowflake Computing Inc.

Initial release

2013

2017

2014

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

BSL 1.1; commercial license for enterprise edition available

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

C and C++

Java (Zero-GC), C++, Rust

Server operating systems

Linux

hosted

Linux
macOS
Windows

hosted

Data scheme

yes

schema-free and schema-optional

schema-free

yes

schema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocol

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

SQL-like query language

SQL with time-series extensions

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

Bolt protocol
Cypher query language

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
C
C++
Elixir
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

PostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust

over HTTP

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

JavaScript

user defined functions

Triggers

JavaScript

similar concept for controling cloud resources

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

dynamic graph partitioning

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

horizontal partitioning (by timestamps)

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Multi-source replication using RAFT

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Source-replica replication with eventual consistency

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

with snapshot isolation

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID for single-table writes

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with periodic snapshot and write-ahead logging (WAL) of changes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

through memory mapped files

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Users, roles and permissions

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Memgraph directly connects to your streaming infrastructure so you and your team...
» more

Relational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more

Competitive advantages

Business Source License ensures a future for the Memgraph community MAGE algorithm...
» more

High ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Graph algorithms in bioinformatics Social network analysis Cryptocurrency network...
» more

Financial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more

Key customers

Banks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

You can check out our pricing model and licenses on the company website .
» more

Open source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more

News

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23 May 2024

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8 May 2024

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6 May 2024

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12 April 2024

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