DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Memcached vs. MySQL vs. SpaceTime vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Memcached vs. MySQL vs. SpaceTime vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

In-memory key-value store, originally intended for caching

Widely used open source RDBMS

SpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Spatial DBMS

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	10.63
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	16.84
Rank	#32	Overall
	#4	Key-value stores

Score	1029.49
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#385	Overall
	#7	Spatial DBMS

Score	1.93
Rank	#121	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Website

impala.apache.org

www.memcached.org

www.mysql.com

www.mireo.com/spacetime

www.stardog.com

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

github.com/memcached/memcached/wiki

dev.mysql.com/doc

docs.stardog.com

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Danga Interactive

originally developed by Brad Fitzpatrick for LiveJournal

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

Mireo

Stardog-Union

Initial release

2013

2003

1995

2020

2010

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

1.6.29, June 2024

9.0.0, July 2024

7.3.0, May 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

BSD license

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

C and C++

C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

with proprietary extensions

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

Proprietary protocol

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

RESTful HTTP API

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
C
C++
ColdFusion
Erlang
Java
Lisp
Lua
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

C#
C++
Python

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

proprietary syntax

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

Triggers

yes

via event handlers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

Fixed-grid hypercubes

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

none

Repcached, a Memcached patch, provides this functionallity

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Real-time block device replication (DRBD)

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

yes

relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

yes

using SASL (Simple Authentication and Security Layer) protocol

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

yes

Access rights for users and roles

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