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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. MaxDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SQream DB vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. MaxDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SQream DB vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-D  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonSQream DB  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA robust and reliable RDBMS optimized to run all major SAP solutionsMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSa GPU-based, columnar RDBMS for big data analytics workloadsA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score14.03
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.65
Rank#111  Overall
#55  Relational DBMS
Score829.80
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score0.73
Rank#228  Overall
#105  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgmaxdb.sap.comwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serversqream.comgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlmaxdb.sap.com/­documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.sqream.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaSAP, acquired from Software AG (Adabas-D) in 1997MicrosoftSQream Technologies8Kdata
Initial release20131984198920172016
Current release4.1.0, June 20227.9.10.12, February 2024SQL Server 2022, November 20222022.1.6, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial infoLimited community edition freecommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++C++C++, CUDA, Haskell, Java, ScalaJava
Server operating systemsLinuxAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Windows
LinuxAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes, ANSI Standard SQL Typesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesyesyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
WebDAV
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
.Net
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C#
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javauser defined functions in Python
Triggersnoyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationhorizontal and vertical partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replicationyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionnoneSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Apache ImpalaMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-DMicrosoft SQL ServerSQream DBToroDB
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