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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Splunk vs. TigerGraph

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Splunk vs. TigerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonLokiJS  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSplunk  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopIn-memory JavaScript DBMSFully managed big data interactive analytics platformAnalytics Platform for Big DataA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedSearch engineGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.49
Rank#260  Overall
#42  Document stores
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score89.10
Rank#14  Overall
#2  Search engines
Score1.80
Rank#138  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orggithub.com/­techfort/­LokiJSazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.splunk.comwww.tigergraph.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmltechfort.github.io/­LokiJSdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.splunk.com/­Documentation/­Splunkdocs.tigergraph.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoftSplunk Inc.
Initial release20132014201920032017
Current release4.1.0, June 2022cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infoLimited free edition and free developer edition availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaScriptC++
Server operating systemsLinuxserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)hostedLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyesno
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetno infoSplunk Search Processing Language for search commandsSQL-like query language (GSQL)
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JavaScript APIMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP RESTGSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCJavaScript.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C#
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceView functions in JavaScriptYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryesyes
Triggersnoyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factornoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkyesyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencynoneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoatomic operations within a single collection possiblenono infoA 'Transaction' in Splunk has a different meaning: grouping related events into a single one for later searchingACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoSerialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.yesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosnoAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAccess rights for users and rolesRole-based access control

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More resources
Apache ImpalaLokiJSMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSplunkTigerGraph
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