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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. LevelDB vs. OpenTSDB vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. LevelDB vs. OpenTSDB vs. Virtuoso

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonOpenTSDB  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesScalable Time Series DBMS based on HBaseVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeTime Series DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score1.68
Rank#142  Overall
#12  Time Series DBMS
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websiteimpala.apache.orggithub.com/­google/­leveldbopentsdb.netvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdopentsdb.net/­docs/­build/­html/­index.htmldocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaGooglecurrently maintained by Yahoo and other contributorsOpenLink Software
Initial release2013201120111998
Current release4.1.0, June 20221.23, February 20217.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoLGPLOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++JavaC
Server operating systemsLinuxIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnonumeric data for metrics, strings for tagsyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesnonoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnonoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
HTTP API
Telnet API
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
Erlang
Go
Java
Python
R
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenonoyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding infobased on HBaseyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factornoneselectable replication factor infobased on HBaseChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency infobased on HBaseImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanononoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosnonoFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaLevelDBOpenTSDBVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
Apache ImpalaLevelDBOpenTSDBVirtuoso
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