DBMS > Apache Impala vs. LevelDB vs. Memcached vs. MySQL vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. LevelDB vs. Memcached vs. MySQL vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

In-memory key-value store, originally intended for caching

Widely used open source RDBMS

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	12.45
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	2.25
Rank	#115	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	18.08
Rank	#32	Overall
	#4	Key-value stores

Score	1061.34
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	18.04
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Website

impala.apache.org

github.com/google/leveldb

www.memcached.org

www.mysql.com

spark.apache.org/sql

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

github.com/memcached/memcached/wiki

dev.mysql.com/doc

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Google

Danga Interactive

originally developed by Brad Fitzpatrick for LiveJournal

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

2013

2011

2003

1995

2014

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

1.23, February 2021

1.6.27, May 2024

8.4.0, April 2024

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

BSD license

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

C++

C and C++

Scala

Server operating systems

Linux

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

with proprietary extensions

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

Proprietary protocol

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

.Net
C
C++
ColdFusion
Erlang
Java
Lisp
Lua
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Java
Python
R
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

proprietary syntax

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

yes, utilizing Spark Core

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

none

Repcached, a Memcached patch, provides this functionallity

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

yes

using SASL (Simple Authentication and Security Layer) protocol

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

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