DBMS > Apache Impala vs. LeanXcale vs. NSDb vs. RavenDB vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. LeanXcale vs. NSDb vs. RavenDB vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

A highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilities

Scalable, High-performance Time Series DBMS designed for Real-time Analytics on top of Kubernetes

Open Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document Database

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Document store

RDF store

Secondary database models

Document store

Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	10.63
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	0.28
Rank	#286	Overall
	#41	Key-value stores
	#130	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#385	Overall
	#40	Time Series DBMS

Score	2.68
Rank	#102	Overall
	#19	Document stores

Score	0.72
Rank	#222	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Website

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

nsdb.io/Architecture

ravendb.net/docs

rdf4j.org/documentation

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

LeanXcale

Hibernating Rhinos

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Initial release

2013

2015

2017

2010

2004

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

5.4, July 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

AGPL version 3, commercial license available

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java, Scala

Java

Server operating systems

Linux

Linux
macOS

Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes: int, bigint, decimal, string

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

all fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

through Apache Derby

SQL-like query language

SQL-like query language (RQL)

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector

gRPC
HTTP REST
WebSocket

.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C
Java
Scala

Java
Scala

.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Multi-source replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Default ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID, Cluster-wide transaction available

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Using Apache Lucene

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Authorization levels configured per client per database

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More resources

Recent citations in the news

Apache Impala becomes Top-Level Project
28 November 2017, SDTimes.com

Apache Impala 4 Supports Operator Multi-Threading
29 July 2021, iProgrammer

Cloudera brings Apache Iceberg data lake format to its Data Platform
30 June 2022, SiliconANGLE News

Hudi: Uber Engineering’s Incremental Processing Framework on Apache Hadoop
12 March 2017, Uber

Updates & Upserts in Hadoop Ecosystem with Apache Kudu
27 October 2017, KDnuggets

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13 June 2023, PR Newswire

Get To Know: Oren Eini, CEO, RavenDB
22 October 2019, Intelligent CIO

RavenDB Adds Graph Queries
15 May 2019, Datanami

provided by Google News

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