DBMS > Apache Impala vs. LeanXcale vs. Memcached vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. ReductStore

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. LeanXcale vs. Memcached vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. ReductStore

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

A highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilities

In-memory key-value store, originally intended for caching

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Designed to manage unstructured time-series data efficiently, providing unique features such as storing time-stamped blobs with labels, customizable data retention policies, and a straightforward FIFO quota system.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Time Series DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	12.45
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	0.36
Rank	#280	Overall
	#40	Key-value stores
	#129	Relational DBMS

Score	18.08
Rank	#32	Overall
	#4	Key-value stores

Score	27.71
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	0.05
Rank	#384	Overall
	#44	Time Series DBMS

Website

impala.apache.org

www.leanxcale.com

www.memcached.org

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

github.com/reductstore
www.reduct.store

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

github.com/memcached/memcached/wiki

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

www.reduct.store/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

LeanXcale

Danga Interactive

originally developed by Brad Fitzpatrick for LiveJournal

Microsoft

ReductStore LLC

Initial release

2013

2015

2003

2014

2023

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

1.6.27, May 2024

1.9, March 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

Open Source

BSD license

commercial

Open Source

Business Source License 1.1

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

C++, Rust

Server operating systems

Linux

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

hosted

Docker
Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

through Apache Derby

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector

Proprietary protocol

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

HTTP API

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C
Java
Scala

.Net
C
C++
ColdFusion
Erlang
Java
Lisp
Lua
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

C++
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

JavaScript

Triggers

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

none

Repcached, a Memcached patch, provides this functionallity

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

yes

using SASL (Simple Authentication and Security Layer) protocol

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

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