DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Immudb vs. RDF4J vs. SwayDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Immudb vs. RDF4J vs. SwayDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

An embeddable, non-blocking, type-safe key-value store for single or multiple disks and in-memory storage

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	12.45
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	0.31
Rank	#295	Overall
	#42	Key-value stores

Score	0.74
Rank	#222	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	0.04
Rank	#387	Overall
	#61	Key-value stores

Website

impala.apache.org

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

rdf4j.org

swaydb.simer.au

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

docs.immudb.io

rdf4j.org/documentation

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Codenotary

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Simer Plaha

Initial release

2013

2020

2004

2018

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

1.2.3, April 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Open Source

GNU Affero GPL V3.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Java

Scala

Server operating systems

Linux

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

SQL-like syntax

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Java
PHP
Python

Java
Kotlin
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Atomic execution of operations

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

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More resources

Recent citations in the news

Apache Impala becomes Top-Level Project
28 November 2017, SDTimes.com

Cloudera Bringing Impala to AWS Cloud
28 November 2017, Datanami

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Hudi: Uber Engineering’s Incremental Processing Framework on Apache Hadoop
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27 October 2017, KDnuggets

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21 June 2023, TechCrunch

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20 December 2021, ZDNet

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17 December 2021, Help Net Security

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10 October 2022, Acceleration Economy

immudb (immutable database) ‘tamper-proof’ database
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