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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Ignite vs. NuoDB vs. ToroDB vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Ignite vs. NuoDB vs. ToroDB vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonIgnite  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopApache Ignite is a memory-centric distributed database, caching, and processing platform for transactional, analytical, and streaming workloads, delivering in-memory speeds at petabyte scale.NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQLVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score3.11
Rank#96  Overall
#15  Key-value stores
#49  Relational DBMS
Score0.94
Rank#197  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websiteimpala.apache.orgignite.apache.orgwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databasegithub.com/­torodb/­servervirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlapacheignite.readme.io/­docsdoc.nuodb.comdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software FoundationDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.8KdataOpenLink Software
Initial release20132015201320161998
Current release4.1.0, June 2022Apache Ignite 2.67.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0commercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoAGPL-V3Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++, Java, .NetC++JavaC
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VMAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_idyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnonoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsANSI-99 for query and DML statements, subset of DDLyesyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
HDFS API
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyes (compute grid and cache interceptors can be used instead)Java, SQLyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnoyes (cache interceptors and events)yesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingdata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtenShardingyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryes (replicated cache)yes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBSource-replica replicationChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyes (compute grid and hadoop accelerator)noyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACID infotunable commit protocolnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCCyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infoTemporary tableyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosSecurity Hooks for custom implementationsStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative UsersAccess rights for users and rolesFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaIgniteNuoDBToroDBVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
Apache ImpalaIgniteNuoDBToroDBVirtuoso
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