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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. etcd vs. Hypertable vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. etcd vs. Hypertable vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonetcd  Xexclude from comparisonHypertable  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
Hypertable has stopped its further development with March 2016 and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking.ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA distributed reliable key-value storeAn open source BigTable implementation based on distributed file systems such as HadoopElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeWide column storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score7.25
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgetcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
azure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmletcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
docs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaHypertable Inc.Microsoft8Kdata
Initial release2013200920162016
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.4, August 20190.9.8.11, March 2016
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoGNU version 3. Commercial license availablecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++GoC++C++Java
Server operating systemsLinuxFreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
Linux
OS X
Windows infoan inofficial Windows port is available
hostedAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnonoyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesnorestricted infoonly exact value or prefix value scansyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnonoyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
gRPC
JSON over HTTP
C++ API
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenonoTransact SQL
Triggersnoyes, watching key changesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.selectable replication factor on file system levelyesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanononoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosnonoyesAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Apache ImpalaetcdHypertableMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseToroDB
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