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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Heroic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. QuestDB vs. RDFox

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Heroic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. QuestDB vs. RDFox

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonHeroic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonRDFox  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopTime Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearchElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerA high performance open source SQL database for time series dataHigh performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engine
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.51
Rank#255  Overall
#21  Time Series DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score2.52
Rank#109  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Score0.23
Rank#308  Overall
#25  Graph DBMS
#14  RDF stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orggithub.com/­spotify/­heroicazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsquestdb.iowww.oxfordsemantic.tech
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlspotify.github.io/­heroicdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsquestdb.io/­docsdocs.oxfordsemantic.tech
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaSpotifyMicrosoftQuestDB Technology IncOxford Semantic Technologies
Initial release20132014201620142017
Current release4.1.0, June 20226.0, Septermber 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaC++Java (Zero-GC), C++, RustC++
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolyes infoRDF schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia Elasticsearchyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyesSQL with time-series extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
Java
PHP
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
C
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoTransact SQLno
Triggersnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding, horizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryesyesSource-replica replication with eventual consistencyreplication via a shared file system
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setups
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDACID for single-table writesACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infothrough memory mapped filesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosyesRoles, resources, and access types
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaHeroicMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseQuestDBRDFox
Specific characteristicsRelational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
Typical application scenariosFinancial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Key customersBanks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
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More resources
Apache ImpalaHeroicMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseQuestDBRDFox
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