DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Heroic vs. Ingres vs. LokiJS vs. MySQL

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Heroic vs. Ingres vs. LokiJS vs. MySQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Time Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearch

Well established RDBMS

In-memory JavaScript DBMS

Widely used open source RDBMS

Primary database model

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	13.77
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	0.51
Rank	#255	Overall
	#21	Time Series DBMS

Score	4.11
Rank	#81	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	0.43
Rank	#264	Overall
	#42	Document stores

Score	1083.74
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Website

impala.apache.org

github.com/spotify/heroic

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

github.com/techfort/LokiJS

www.mysql.com

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

spotify.github.io/heroic

docs.actian.com/ingres

techfort.github.io/LokiJS

dev.mysql.com/doc

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Spotify

Actian Corporation

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

Initial release

2013

2014

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

2014

1995

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

11.2, May 2022

8.4.0, April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Java

JavaScript

C and C++

Server operating systems

Linux

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

via Elasticsearch

yes

via views

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

JavaScript API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

JavaScript

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

View functions in JavaScript

yes

proprietary syntax

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

none

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

yes

Ingres Replicator

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

atomic operations within a single collection possible

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Serialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

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